Learn how to use regular and irregular verbs in hif'il
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HebrewPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 4 - Leaving a Hebrew Voicemail. Sherah Here. |
| Amir: שלום I'm Amir. |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use regular verbs in hif'il. The conversation takes place on the phone. |
| Amir: It's between Yoni and Ella. |
| Sherah: The speakers are an employer and employee, so they will use informal Hebrew. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| יוני: שלום, הגעתם לפלאפון של יוני. |
| יוני: אני לא יכול לענות לשיחה הזאת כרגע. |
| יוני: נא להשאיר הודעה ואחזור אליכם מאוחר יותר. |
| אלה: שלום יוני, זו אלה. |
| אלה: אני מתקשרת בקשר להזמנה שעשיתי אתמול. |
| אלה: שכחתי להתייחס להזמנה כשראיתי אותך אתמול. |
| אלה: האישה הזמינה חמישה עצי פרי. |
| אלה: אני לא יודעת אם אתה מודע לזה, אבל אין לנו עוד עצי לימון במשתלה. |
| אלה: היא מעדיפה עץ לימון סיני, אם אפשר להזמין אותו. |
| אלה: נתראה ביום חמישי. |
| Sherah: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| יוני: שלום, הגעתם לפלאפון של יוני. |
| יוני: אני לא יכול לענות לשיחה הזאת כרגע. |
| יוני: נא להשאיר הודעה ואחזור אליכם מאוחר יותר. |
| אלה: שלום יוני, זו אלה. |
| אלה: אני מתקשרת בקשר להזמנה שעשיתי אתמול. |
| אלה: שכחתי להתייחס להזמנה כשראיתי אותך אתמול. |
| אלה: האישה הזמינה חמישה עצי פרי. |
| אלה: אני לא יודעת אם אתה מודע לזה, אבל אין לנו עוד עצי לימון במשתלה. |
| אלה: היא מעדיפה עץ לימון סיני, אם אפשר להזמין אותו. |
| אלה: נתראה ביום חמישי. |
| Sherah: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Yoni: Hello, you have reached Yoni's cellphone. |
| Yoni: I can't answer this call at the moment. |
| Yoni: Please leave a message and I'll get back to you later. |
| Ella: Hi Yoni, this is Ella. |
| Ella: I'm calling about an order I made yesterday. |
| Ella: I forgot to refer to the order when I saw you yesterday. |
| Ella: The woman ordered five fruit trees. |
| Ella: I don't know if you're aware of it, but we don't have any more lemon trees in the nursery. |
| Ella: She prefers a Chinese lemon tree if it's possible to order it. |
| Ella: See you on Thursday. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: Israelis love plants and trees and they love planting them in their yards. |
| Amir: This may be because at the beginning of the last century, there were not very many trees. |
| Sherah: So part of building Israel back up was planting trees and plants to make this harsh country not so harsh. |
| Amir: Israelis pride themselves on reviving the trees in Israel and pushing the desert back. |
| Sherah: That means there are nurseries all over the country to accommodate the need to grow things. |
| Amir: Outside of the big cities, you will find nurseries around every corner. |
| Sherah: But it’s not just regular citizens who love to plant – the government and the municipalities also do their part. |
| Amir: The municipalities do a lot to keep public spaces planted with trees, flowers and bushes. |
| Sherah: They work hard for it, and so they never run out of plants to plant, Keren Kayemet le-Israel and the Jewish National Fund have established three huge nurseries to keep up with the demand. |
| Amir: These nurseries are located in the North, Center and South. |
| Sherah: They nurture the saplings and other plants until they’re ready to be planted. |
| Amir: And this is why Israel will always be green as long as we have water! |
| Sherah: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: להגיע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to arrive |
| Amir: להגיע [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להגיע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: שיחה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: conversation |
| Amir: שיחה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: שיחה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להשאיר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to leave (something) |
| Amir: להשאיר [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להשאיר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: הודעה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: message |
| Amir: הודעה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: הודעה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להתייחס [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to refer |
| Amir: להתייחס [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להתייחס [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להזמין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to invite |
| Amir: להזמין [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להזמין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: מודע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: aware |
| Amir: מודע[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: מודע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: משתלה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: nursery (plants) |
| Amir: משתלה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: משתלה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להעדיף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to prefer |
| Amir: להעדיף [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להעדיף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: And last.. |
| Amir: עצי פרי [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: fruit trees |
| Amir: עצי פרי[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: עצי פרי [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: שיחה |
| Sherah: meaning "conversation" |
| Amir: It can also mean “talk”. |
| Sherah: This can be a conversation between two or more people in person or even a conversation over the telephone. |
| Amir: There are two expressions using this word, the first is איש שיחה |
| Sherah: Which means a “sociable person” or a “conversationalist” |
| Amir: The next one is שיחת נפש or “heart-to-heart talk”. |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say..היא הייתה בשיחה עם הרופא לגבי הטיפול שלה. |
| Sherah: ..which means "She was in a conversation with the doctor about her treatment. " Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: מודע |
| Sherah: meaning "aware" or “conscious”. |
| Amir: This word is coupled with the preposition ל to become “aware of”. |
| Sherah: This is how Ella uses it in the dialogue when she says אני לא יודעת אם אתה מודע לזה |
| Amir: or “I don’t know if you’re aware of it.” |
| Sherah: Another way we use this word is as במודע. |
| Amir: Meaning “consciously”. |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say..הילד לא היה מודע לרעש שהוא עשה. |
| Sherah: .. which means "The child was not aware of the noise he made." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: עצי פרי |
| Sherah: meaning "fruit trees" |
| Sherah: This is a construct phrase of two words עצים meaning “trees” and פרי meaning “fruit”. |
| Amir: Because it’s a סמיכות, the mem sofit has been dropped from עצים to become עצי. |
| Sherah: If you want to say “fruit tree” in the singular, you say עץ פרי. |
| Amir: Another phrase using עץ is רצפת עץ. |
| Sherah: This means “wood floor”. |
| Amir: Here you can see עץ is in the second position of the סמיכות. |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: For example, you can say..אני רוצה לשתול כמה עצי פרי בגינה. |
| Sherah: .. which means "I want to plant some fruit trees in the garden. " |
| Sherah: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you'll learn about regular and irregular verbs in hif'il. This time, we’re continuing our overview of the hif’il verb group. |
| Amir: There are both regular and irregular hif’il verbs in this lesson. |
| Sherah: The first hif’il verb in the dialogue is להגיע meaning “to arrive” or “to reach”. |
| Amir: It’s in the sentence שָׁלוֹם, הִגַּעְתֶּם לַפֶּלֶאפוֹן שֶׁל יוֹנִי. |
| Sherah: This means, “Hello, you have reached Yoni’s cellphone.” |
| Amir: להגיע is an irregular verb and here in this sentence it’s in the past tense. |
| Sherah: The root of להגיע is nun-gimmel-ayin. The nun is what makes this verb irregular. |
| Amir: Here, the nun is dropped completely and the verb is conjugated as it only has two root letters. |
| Sherah: This happens throughout all the conjugations. |
| Amir: In the past tense, the first and second person conjugations begin with -הגע (higa-). |
| Sherah: The past tense suffixes are then added to this. For instance, “I arrived” would be הגעתי. |
| Amir: Or like in the dialogue, הגעתם “you have reached”. |
| Sherah: The third person conjugations are הגיע “he arrived”, הגיעה “she arrived” |
| Amir: and הגיעו for “they arrived”. |
| Sherah: The next hif’il verb in the dialogue is להשאיר meaning “to leave behind” |
| Amir: The sentence from the dialogue is: נָא לְהַשְׁאִיר הוֹדָעָה וְאֶחֱזוֹר אֲלֵיכֶם מְאוּחָר יוֹתֵר. |
| Sherah: The root letters of להשאיר are shin-aleph-resh and it’s a regular verb. |
| Amir: You might think by looking at it that it would be irregular because of the aleph in the root, but it doesn’t make any difference here when it’s in the second position of the root. |
| Sherah: The next hif’il verb in the dialogue is להזמין meaning “to order”. |
| Amir: This verb is in the past tense in the sentence: הָאִישָּׁה הִזְמִינָה חֲמִישָּׁה עֲצֵי פְּרִי. |
| Sherah: Meaning “the woman ordered five fruit trees”. |
| Amir: הזמינה is the past tense form for “she”. |
| Sherah: להזמין is a regular verb. As we saw in the previous lesson, past tense verbs in hif'il have two base forms. One with the yod and the other without. |
| Amir: First and second person forms are without, so it would be -הזמנ (hiz’man-) |
| Sherah: You could say הזמנו for “we ordered”. This is a bit irregular because normally you would have two nuns, the nun from the root, and the nun from the -nu ending. One is dropped to make it easier to pronounce. |
| Amir: The third person conjugations have the addition of the yod, like in הזמינה. |
| Sherah: The last hif’il verb from the dialogue is להעדיף or “to prefer”. |
| Amir: The sentence from the dialogue is: הִיא מַעֲדִיפָה עֵץ לִימוֹן סִינִי אִם אֶפְשָׁר לְהַזְמִין אוֹתוֹ. |
| Sherah: The translation is: “She prefers a Chinese lemon tree if it's possible to order it.” |
| Amir: This verb is in the present tense in the dialogue. |
| Sherah: It’s considered to be a regular verb, but it does have some pronunciation differences because of the ayin in the first position of the root. |
| Amir: Generally, you stop on that consonant in the conjugations of hif’il, but you can’t do that with ayin, so we throw in an extra vowel sound to compensate. |
| Sherah: In the present and future tenses, this is an extra “ah” vowel sound, like in מעדיף. |
| Amir: In the past tense, this is an “eh” vowel sound like העדפנו or “we preferred”. |
| Sherah: Let’s move on to some sample sentence using these verbs in different tenses than how they appeared in the dialogue. |
| Amir: The first sample sentence is: מתי את מגיעה לחתונה של אחי? |
| Sherah: This means: “When are you arriving at my brother’s wedding?” The verb is להגיע and it’s in the present tense. |
| Amir: For example, אני רוצה שתזמין מקום במסעדה לכל המשפחה. |
| Sherah: Meaning “I want you to reserve places at the restaurant for the whole family.” The verb is להזמין and it’s in the future tense. |
| Amir: The last sentence is: החתול העדיף לישון בחוץ. |
| Sherah: Meaning “The cat preferred to sleep outside.” The verb is להעדיף and it’s in the past tense. |
Outro |
| Sherah: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Amir: תודה |
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