Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Sherah:Hello and welcome back to Hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 21 - Do You Know These Israeli Musicians? I’m your host, Sherah!
Amir:And I’m Amir.
Sherah:In this lesson, you'll learn how to use כדאי in a sentence.
Amir:The conversation takes place at the Levi family house.
Sherah:It’s between Gadi and Li’el.
Amir:The speakers are family, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Sherah:Israeli Independence Day, or Yom Ha-Atzma’ut, is a day with many celebrations.
Amir:On the eve of the holiday most cities and towns host an Independence Day event.
Sherah:Depending on the town, this event can include a parade, concerts, food, dancing, or even fireworks.
Amir:This is a day when you can practice traditional Israeli folk dancing, as this may be part of the celebrations as well.
Sherah:Towns will block off some of the areas of the town to make a place for a concert stage, inviting famous Israeli singers to come and sing.
Amir:Sometimes, these concerts will also feature comedians and dancers.
Sherah:In smaller towns, the town will invite school children to perform with local singing and dance groups as well.
Amir:Most towns end the night with fireworks.
Sherah:And while you're there, try some hot corn. This is a traditional Yom Atzma’ut food served at the celebrations.
Amir:It’s really quite a fun event.
Sherah:Right, but if you don’t feel like going out to join the celebrations that night, you can watch the main celebration in Jerusalem on TV.
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is חגיגה.
Amir:חגיגה means “celebration” or “festival”.
Sherah:This word is often used in a smichut with other nouns to talk about different types of celebrations.
Amir:For instance, a חגיגת בר מצווה is a "bar mitzvah celebration."
Sherah:Another celebration is חגיגת יומולדת which is a "birthday celebration."
Amir:Another celebration is חגיגת יום נסוין or an "anniversary celebration."
Sherah:The next word we want to talk about is מקום. This means “place”, “room”, “space,” or “spot”.
Amir:This word is used in many different situations in Hebrew.
Sherah:For instance, if you want to use מקום for “space”, you can say יש לך מקום בשבילנו? and this means “Do you have space for us?”
Amir:When you want to use מקום as “spot,” you can say something like זה המקום של רינה or “that’s Rina’s spot.”
Sherah:And when you want to use it as “place”, you can say זה מקום יפה, which means “this is a nice place”. So, as you can see, in English we have three different words that can be used, but in Hebrew there is one word that covers all these situations.
Amir:One expression that uses this word is מקום לספק or “room for doubt”.
Sherah:The last word we want to talk about is להכיר meaning “to know”, “to recognize,” or “to acknowledge”.
Amir:The root for this word is נ כ ר.
Sherah:Right, this is one of those irregular verbs in the hif’il verb group that drops a letter in the conjugations.
Amir:This word is useful when you want to introduce someone. For that you would say, בבקשה להכיר, and this means “may I introduce” or technically “please know…”
Sherah:Another expression that uses this verb is הוא מכיר את מקומו or “he knows his place”. Okay, now onto the grammar.
GRAMMAR POINT
Sherah:In this lesson, you’ll learn about using the word כדאי
Amir:כדאי means “it is worthwhile” or “it’s a good idea”.
Sherah:There are three different ways to incorporate it into a sentence.
Amir:The first way is heard when Gadi says כדאי שתלכו מוקדם.
Sherah:Right, this sentence is divided into two parts. It starts out with כדאי or “it’s a good idea,” and then this first part is separated from the second part by the word -ש
Amir:The second part of the sentence is comprised of a subject and a verb in the future tense.
Sherah:In the sample sentence, this is תלכו “you will go,” and then the sentence ends with מוקדם, meaning “early”.
Amir:The next way to use כדאי is with an infinitive.
Sherah:When you use כדאי this way, it creates a more general sentence.
Amir:In the dialogue, our sample sentence was באמת כדאי ללכת מוקדם.
Sherah:כדאי ללכת מוקדם is the part we want to focus on, and it means “it’s worthwhile to go early”.
Amir:The last way to use כדאי is to make the previous pattern more specific by adding the preposition -ל.
Sherah:Right, in the dialogue, Li’el says כדאי לך להכיר אותם, or “It’s a good idea to get to know them.”
Amir:The sentence is still constructed with the infinitive להכיר, but it also has לך, which is directed at Gadi.
Sherah:So, the order of the sentence is כדאי, and then the preposition -ל plus whoever the sentence is directed at, and then an infinitive.
Amir:All three of these uses for כדאי are used in day-to-day Hebrew.
Sherah:Let’s look at all three forms using example sentences.
Amir:All the sentences will use the same idea, that it’s worthwhile to learn English.
Sherah:Amir will give the Hebrew, and I'll give the English. We’ll start with כדאי ש.
Amir:כדאי שיונתן ילמד אנגלית
Sherah:"It’s worthwhile for Jonathan to learn English." The English doesn’t reflect the structure of the Hebrew. Remember that in Hebrew כדאי ש is followed by the subject and then the verb in the future tense.
Amir:The next is כדאי plus an infinitive. כדאי ללמוד אנגלית
Sherah:"It’s worthwhile to learn English." In this version, there is no mention of Jonathan. It’s more of a general statement that it’s worthwhile for everyone to learn English.
Amir:The last is a more specific form of כדאי plus an infinitive. כדאי ליונתן ללמוד אנגלית.
Sherah:By adding -ל and then Yonatan, we're now saying that it’s worthwhile for Jonathan to learn English.

Outro

Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Come see us at HebrewPod101.com and talk to us about what you’ve learned here.
Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone,
Sherah:Bye!

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