Learn how to use conjunctions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HebrewPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 11 - Attending a Hebrew University. Sherah here. |
| Amir: שלום I'm Amir. In this lesson, you’ll learn בגלל. |
| Sherah: The conversation takes place at a university. |
| Amir: It's between a lecturer and Ella. |
| Sherah: The speakers are a teacher and students, so they’ll use informal Hebrew. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| מרצה: ...אז אנשים בחברה תלויים אחד בשני. |
| מרצה: הסיבה לכך היא שלכל אחד יש תפקיד בחברה. |
| מרצה: אם אתה מורה, למשל, אין לך זמן לגדל את כל האוכל שלך. אתה תלוי במישהו אחר בשביל אוכל. |
| מרצה: לכן אתה מחליף שירותים עם האדם שמגדל אוכל. אולי אתה מלמד את הילדים שלו. |
| אלה: אבל מה עם האנשים שנותנים את השירות שלהם בחינם? |
| מרצה: שאלה מצוינת. לאילו אנשים את מתכוונת? |
| אלה: אנשים כמו החיילים שנלחמו במלחמת העצמאות. הם נלחמו בגלל העקרון, לא מפני שהם קיבלו משהו בתמורה. |
| מרצה: נכון, בשביל זה אנחנו צריכים לדבר על סידור קצת שונה שגם קיים בחברה. |
| מרצה: זהו סידור שנעשה לפי הקבוצה שבה אנשים מרגישים שייכים. |
| מרצה: האנשים שנלחמו במלחמת העצמאות הרגישו שייכים לתנועה של יהודים שלחמו על הזכות שלהם להקים מדינה. |
| מרצה: בגלל תחושת השייכות שלהם, הם נלחמו בלי הבטחה לקבל משהו בתמורה. |
| Sherah: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Lecturer: ...so people in society depend on each other. |
| Lecturer: The reason for this is that everyone has a role in society. |
| Lecturer: For example, if you’re a teacher, you don't have time to grow all of your food. You’re dependent on someone else for food. |
| Lecturer: And so you exchange your services with the person that grows food. Maybe you teach his children. |
| Ella: But what about people that give their services for free? |
| Lecturer: Excellent question. Which people do you mean? |
| Ella: People like the soldiers who fought in the Independence War. They fought on principle, not because they received something in return. |
| Lecturer: Correct, for that we should talk about a somewhat different arrangement that also exists in society. |
| Lecturer: This is an arrangement made according to the group in which people feel they belong. |
| Lecturer: The people who fought in the War of Independence felt they belonged to a movement of Jewish people that fought for their right to establish a nation. |
| Lecturer: Because of their sense of belonging, they fought without the promise of something in return. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: The conversation in this lesson took place at a university. What’s university life like in Israel? |
| Amir: In Israel, there are eight universities, but several dozen colleges. |
| Sherah: What’s the difference between a university and a college? |
| Amir: In Israel, only universities offer doctoral degrees. |
| Sherah: So they’re more research-based than teaching-based? |
| Amir: That’s right. |
| Sherah: What are universities in Israel famous for? |
| Amir: They’re highly regarded in the fields of science and technology, arts, humanities, and social science. |
| Sherah: In a lot of countries, students live in dormitories on campus. Is it the same in Israel? |
| Amir: That’s rare in Israel - most students live in a shared house or with their parents. |
| Sherah: How about fraternities or student organizations? |
| Amir: There are no fraternities or sororities, but there are various student organizations. |
| Sherah: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: תלוי [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: depend on |
| Amir: תלוי[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: תלוי [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: קבוצה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: group |
| Amir: קבוצה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: קבוצה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: תפקיד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: role |
| Amir: תפקיד[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: תפקיד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: חברה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: society |
| Amir: חברה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: חברה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: לגדל [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to raise, grow |
| Amir: לגדל[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: לגדל [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: שייכות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: belonging |
| Amir: שייכות[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: שייכות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: חייל [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: soldier |
| Amir: חייל[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: חייל [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להילחם [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to fight |
| Amir: להילחם[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להילחם [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: עקרון [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: principle |
| Amir: עקרון[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: עקרון [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: And last.. |
| Amir: שייך [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: belongs |
| Amir: שייך[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: שייך [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: תלוי |
| Sherah: meaning "depend on." What can you tell us about this, Amir? |
| Amir: תלוי literally means “hanged,” but the meaning changes. |
| Sherah: How does it change? |
| Amir: When it is used to speak about something uncertain it means “depends” or “up to.” |
| Sherah: Does it have any other meanings? |
| Amir: תלוי can also mean “dependence” or “reliance.” |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. אם זה היה תלוי בי, הוא היה מפוטר. |
| Sherah: ..which means "If it were up to me, he would have been fired." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: חברה |
| Sherah: meaning "society." What can you tell us about this? |
| Amir: The root letters are the same as the word "friend." ħet bet resh, ח.ב.ר. |
| Sherah: How is this word used? |
| Amir: It’s a noun, and it’s used in phrases such as החברה המודרנית meaning "the modern society." |
| Sherah: It can also mean “company.” |
| Amir: Right, like חברה מצליחה, "a successful company." |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. חברה בריאה היא חברה שדואגת לחלשים. |
| Sherah: .. which means "A healthy society is one that takes care of the weak." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: לגדל |
| Sherah: meaning "to raise, grow." What can you tell us about this verb? |
| Amir: We can use this to refer to the growth of plants, animals, and even children. |
| Sherah: What are the root letters? |
| Amir: They are Gimel Dalet Lamed, and the verb stem is Pi'el. They’re the same as the adjective גדול, gadol, which means "big." |
| Sherah:That makes sense. If things get bigger, they grow. |
| Amir: Right. But don’t use this to say things have just gotten physically bigger, it’s only for “growth.” |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. היא מגדלת את כל הירקות שלה בעצמה. |
| Sherah: .. which means "She grows all of her vegetables herself." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you'll learn about conjunctions. Conjunctions are words that we use to put clauses together. There are many different conjunctions with many different meanings, so, Amir, how many will we be looking at in this lesson? |
| Amir: We’ll look at three very common conjunctions, all used to show a reason. |
| Sherah: I think three is a good number for one lesson! The first conjunction we’ll look at is “because.” In Hebrew, this is... |
| Amir: בגלל |
| Sherah: This can also mean “due to.” How is this used in a sentence? |
| Amir: It’s used together with one of two prefixes, ה, meaning “the” or ש meaning “that,” “which,” or “who.” These prefixes are usually left out of English translations. |
| Sherah: When you use the suffix for “the,” it refers to an object. Can you give us an example? |
| Amir: המשרד יהיה סגור בגלל השביתה |
| Sherah: “The office will be closed due to the strike.” |
| Amir: That uses בגלל ה. If we use בגלל ש in a sentence such as חזרתי בגלל ששכחתי משהו, |
| Sherah: meaning “I came back because I forgot something,” |
| Amir: it refers to an action or a stated fact. Actually, בגלל ש is grammatically incorrect so you won’t see it much in writing, but it is used in everyday speech. |
| Sherah: What’s the second conjunction for this lesson? |
| Amir: לפי, which means “according to, by.” |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example sentence again, please? |
| Amir: Sure. לפי תחזית מזג-האוויר, יהיה יום יפה |
| Sherah: “According to the weather forecast, it’s going to be a nice day.” And what’s the third conjunction? |
| Amir: לכן, meaning “therefore”, and “so.” |
| Sherah: And an example sentence, please? |
| Amir: הרגשתי לא טוב ולכן לא באתי לעבודה. |
| Sherah: “I didn’t feel good, and therefore didn’t come to work.” Is there anything we should know about this word? |
| Amir: It’s a little formal and is common in writing, but not really in speech. In colloquial speech it’s usually replaced by בגלל זה, which literally means “because of this.” |
| Sherah: Thanks for the extra information! |
Outro |
| Sherah: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Amir: להתראות |
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