Learn how to use hitpa'el verbs with double last letters
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HebrewPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 7 - It Takes a Long Time to Fly to Israel! Sherah here. |
| Amir: שלום I'm Amir. |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use Hitpa'el verbs. The conversation takes place at the train station. |
| Amir: It's between Daniel and Mrs. Alon. |
| Sherah: The speakers are acquaintances, so they will use informal Hebrew. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| דניאל: ברוכה הבאה, גברת אלון. התאוששת מהטיסה שלך? |
| גברת אלון: לא לגמרי. הטיסה הייתה די ארוכה. |
| דניאל: כן, זה שתים-עשרה שעות, נכון? אני לא יודע איך את מתמודדת עם שעות מטורפות כאלה. |
| גברת אלון: אני כבר לא צעירה, אבל אני עדיין לא מתה, דניאל. |
| דניאל: סליחה, לא התכוונתי שזה יישמע ככה. |
| גברת אלון: דניאל, אני צוחקת איתך! אתה חייב ללמוד להתמודד עם חוש ההומור שלי. |
| דניאל: אהה... גברת אלון. אני צריך להכיר אותך יותר, כנראה. |
| גברת אלון: תגיד לי את האמת, דניאל, איך אלה מסתדרת עם הלימודים שלה? |
| דניאל: אני לא יכול לשקר לך. קשה לה, אבל היא מתמודדת. |
| גברת אלון: נראה לי שהיא צריכה להתעודד. זאת הסיבה שבאתי. |
| דניאל: זאת תהיה הפתעה נחמדה בשבילה. |
| גברת אלון: אני מקווה. |
| Sherah: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Daniel: Welcome, Mrs. Alon. Have you recovered from your flight? |
| Mrs. Alon: Not entirely. The flight was pretty long. |
| Daniel: Yes, it's twelve hours, right? I don't know how you deal with those crazy hours. |
| Mrs. Alon: I'm not young anymore, but I'm not dead yet, Daniel. |
| Daniel: Sorry, I didn't mean for it to sound that way. |
| Mrs. Alon: Daniel, I'm joking with you! You have to learn to deal with my sense of humor. |
| Daniel: Ah... Mrs. Alon. I should get to know you better, apparently. |
| Mrs. Alon: Tell me the truth, Daniel, how is Ella managing with her studies? |
| Daniel: I can't lie to you. It's hard for her, but she's managing. |
| Mrs. Alon: It seems to me she needs to be encouraged. That's why I came. |
| Daniel: It will be a nice surprise for her. |
| Mrs. Alon: I hope so. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: According to the World Health Organization, the life expectancy in Israel for men is 80, and for women - 84. |
| Amir: Israeli citizens who reach retirement age, from 60 to 67, are entitled to receive an old-age pension. |
| Sherah: Senior citizens also get a certificate that offers a variety of benefits on public transportation, parks, concerts, plays, and other services. |
| Amir: Every city in Israel has senior citizens clubs that offer a range of activities and events such as drama clubs, folk dancing, exercise, arts and crafts, and so on. |
| Sherah: Many Israeli universities and other educational institutes also have educational opportunities for senior citizens in fields like art, music, history, literature, philosophy and many more. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: להתאושש [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to recover |
| Amir: להתאושש[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להתאושש [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: די [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: pretty |
| Amir: די[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: די [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: מטורף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: crazy |
| Amir: מטורף[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: מטורף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להתמודד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to deal |
| Amir: להתמודד[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להתמודד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להתכוון [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to mean |
| Amir: להתכוון[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להתכוון [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להישמע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to be heard |
| Amir: להישמע[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להישמע [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: לשקר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to lie |
| Amir: לשקר[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: לשקר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: להתעודד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to be encouraged |
| Amir: להתעודד[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: להתעודד [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next we have.. |
| Amir: סיבה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: reason |
| Amir: סיבה[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: סיבה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: And last.. |
| Amir: לצחוק [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to laugh, to joke |
| Amir: לצחוק[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Amir: לצחוק [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Amir: די |
| Sherah: which means “pretty” in the sense of “quite”, or “fairly”. In today's Hebrew, this adverb is not as strong as the adverb “quite” - it's more like “pretty” or even “kind-of”. |
| Amir: Right. Saying about someone הוא די חכם (hu dei ħakham), “He's pretty smart”, is not as strong as saying הוא חכם (hu ħakham) - “He's smart”. |
| Sherah: די (dei) is considered rather informal. |
| Amir: A more formal word would be למדי (le'madai) - it has the exact same meaning, but it comes after the adjective and not before. |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. אני יכול לעזור לך, אני די טוב בזה. |
| Sherah: ..which means “I can help you, I'm pretty good at it.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: לשקר |
| Sherah: which means “to lie” |
| Amir: לשקר is derived from the noun שקר (sheker), meaning “lie”. |
| Sherah: The verb לשקר (le'shaker) consists of the same root letters - Shin Kuf Resh: ש.ק.ר, put into the verb stem Pi'el. |
| Amir: לשקר (le'shaker) is the infinitive form of the verb. If you want to find it in a dictionary, you will find it in the singular-masculine-third person-past form: שיקר (shiker). |
| Sherah: Similar to English, you don't have to use this verb to talk about lying - you can say לספר שקר (le'saper sheker), “to tell a lie”. Amir, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. אל תשקר לי. |
| Sherah: .. which means “Don't lie to me.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Amir: מטורף |
| Sherah: which means “crazy” or “insane”. |
| Amir: It comes from the noun טירוף (teruf), meaning “insanity”. |
| Sherah: Similar to English, this word is used mostly as a slang expression. You can use it to say that something is impractical, like in “a crazy plan”.. |
| Amir: תכנית מטורפת (tokhnit metorefet), |
| Sherah: or extraordinary, like in “it was a crazy party” |
| Amir: זאת הייתה מסיבה מטורפת (zot haita mesiba metorefet). Listeners, we don't use this word to describe people with an actual mental illnesses. |
| Sherah: Another usage of this adjective is also equivalent to the English expression “crazy about”. For example… “Crazy about chocolate” |
| Amir: מטורף על שוקולד. |
| Sherah: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Amir: Sure. For example, you can say.. אתה רוצה ללכת ברגל מתל אביב לחיפה? זה מטורף! |
| Sherah: .. which means “You want to walk from Tel Aviv to Haifa by foot? That's crazy!” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn about Hitpa'el verbs. |
| Amir: Hitpa’el is one of the seven Hebrew verb stems, into which the verbs’ root letters are put to create Hebrew verbs. Sherah, let’s remind our listeners of these seven Hebrew stems. |
| Sherah: Sure. Three of the verb stems are used for active actions, like “to dress”, “to leave”; and three of them are used for passive actions, like “to be dressed”, “to be left” and the last one - Hitpa’el - is used for active-intransitive verbs, action verbs with no direct object, like “arrive”, “sneeze”, “shower” etc. |
| Amir: Those are mostly reflexive verbs - verbs in which the subject both acts and is acted upon by the verb. |
| Sherah: Conjugating Hitpa’el verbs has a very clear pattern into which we put the root letters. |
| Amir: In the past tense, all conjugations will start with the sound heet: -הִת. After that, the root letters will come, and after them the ending, which will be the same as in any other Hebrew stem. |
| Sherah: The vowel rhyming pattern will always be ee-ah-ah-, except for “him”. For “him” it will be ee-ah-eh. Ok, Let's give some example and conjugate it in past tense...Let's take the verb להתקבל (le’hitkabel), “to get accepted”. The root letters are ק.ב.ל. So… “I got accepted” will be... |
| Amir: התקבלתי |
| Sherah: we... |
| Amir: התקבלנו |
| Sherah: you, singular, masculine |
| Amir: התקבלת |
| Sherah: you, singular, feminine |
| Amir: התקבלת |
| Sherah: you, plural, masculine |
| Amir: התקבלתם |
| Sherah: you, plural, feminine |
| Amir: התקבלתן |
| Sherah: he |
| Amir: התקבל |
| Sherah: she |
| Amir: התקבלה |
| Sherah: They, plural, masculine |
| Amir: התקבלו |
| Sherah: They, plural, feminine |
| Amir: התקבלו In the present tense, all conjugations will start with the sound “meet”: -מִת, followed by the root letters. |
| Sherah: The vowel rhyming pattern is ee-ah-eh-, except for the plurals, which is ee-ah-. Amir, let’s take the same verb להתקבל (le’hitkabel), meaning “to get accepted” and conjugate it in present tense. So, I, masculine.. |
| Amir: מתקבל |
| Sherah: I, feminine |
| Amir: מתקבלת |
| Sherah: we, masculine |
| Amir: מתקבלים |
| Sherah: we, feminine |
| Amir: מתקבלות |
| Sherah: you, singular, masculine |
| Amir: מתקבל |
| Sherah: you, singular, feminine |
| Amir: מתקבלת |
| Sherah: you, plural, masculine |
| Amir: מתקבלים |
| Sherah: you, plural, feminine |
| Amir: מתקבלות |
| Sherah: he |
| Amir: מתקבל |
| Sherah: she |
| Amir: מתקבלת |
| Sherah: They, plural, masculine |
| Amir: מתקבלים |
| Sherah: They, plural, feminine |
| Amir: מתקבלות |
| Sherah: In the future tenses it’s a bit more complex. But if you are familiar with any other verb stem, it’ll be easier. |
| Amir: In the future tense, all conjugations of all verb stems start with the same letters. For example, “you” plural will always begin with ת [t] |
| Sherah: So, let’s conjugate our verb in the future tense. “I”... |
| Amir: אתקבל |
| Sherah: we... |
| Amir: נתקבל |
| Sherah: you, singular, masculine |
| Amir: תתקבל |
| Sherah: you, singular, feminine |
| Amir: תתקבלי |
| Sherah: you, plural, masculine |
| Amir: תתקבלו |
| Sherah: you, plural, feminine |
| Amir: תתקבלו |
| Sherah: he |
| Amir: יתקבל |
| Sherah: she |
| Amir: תתקבל |
| Sherah: They, plural, masculine |
| Amir: יתקבלו |
| Sherah: They, plural, feminine |
| Amir: יתקבלו |
| Sherah: Listeners, of course, there are a few exceptions, so please check the lesson notes. |
| Amir: Another important exception is Hitpa’el with double last letters. |
| Sherah: We see a lot of these in the dialog. For example.. |
| Amir: התאושש |
| Sherah: “recovered” |
| Amir: התמודד |
| Sherah: “handled” |
| Amir: In the case of roots with double last letters, like מ.ד.ד, the pattern changes: an additional “oh” sound represented by the letter ו - vav is added after the first root letter, in all conjugations. |
| Sherah: In the case of roots with the letter ו (vav) in the middle of them, like ע.ו.ד, the last letter is doubled and creates the same pattern as that of a doubled-last-letters root. Listeners, please check the lesson notes for conjugation of Hitpa’el with double last letters. |
Outro |
| Sherah: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Amir: להתראות |
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