Learn how to talk about what you don't have
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hello and welcome to hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Series Season 1, Lesson 15 - Have You Done Too Much Shopping in Israel? I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir: And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about what you don’t have. |
| Amir: The conversation takes place in the Old City in Jerusalem. |
| Sherah: It’s between Anna and Yonatan. |
| Amir: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| יונתן: בואי איתי, אנה! אני רוצה להראות לך את החנות הזאת. |
| Yonatan: Bo’i iti, Anna! Ani rotzeh lir’ot et ha-ħanut ha-zot. |
| אנה: יונתן! אני לא יכולה לבוא איתך. |
| Anna: Yonatan! Ani lo yekholah la-vo it’kha. |
| יונתן: למה? |
| Yonatan: Lamah? |
| אנה: כי אין לי כסף! חוץ מזה אין להם דברים יפים. |
| Anna: Ki ein li kesef! Ħutz mi zeh, ein la-hem d’varim yafim. |
| יונתן: אין לך כסף? כמה קנית? |
| Yonatan: Ein lakh kesef? Kamah kanit? |
| אנה: יש לי פה חמש שקיות של דברים. |
| Anna: Yesh li po ħamesh saki’ot shel d’varim. |
| יונתן: חמש שקיות? לי אין עוד כלום. |
| Yonatan: ħamesh saki’ot? Li ein od klum. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation one more time, slowly. |
| יונתן: בואי איתי, אנה! אני רוצה להראות לך את החנות הזאת. |
| Yonatan: Bo’i iti, Anna! Ani rotzeh lir’ot et ha-ħanut ha-zot. |
| אנה: יונתן! אני לא יכולה לבוא איתך. |
| Anna: Yonatan! Ani lo yekholah la-vo it’kha. |
| יונתן: למה? |
| Yonatan: Lamah? |
| אנה: כי אין לי כסף! חוץ מזה אין להם דברים יפים. |
| Anna: Ki ein li kesef! Ħutz mi zeh, ein la-hem d’varim yafim. |
| יונתן: אין לך כסף? כמה קנית? |
| Yonatan: Ein lakh kesef? Kamah kanit? |
| אנה: יש לי פה חמש שקיות של דברים. |
| Anna: Yesh li po ħamesh saki’ot shel d’varim. |
| יונתן: חמש שקיות? לי אין עוד כלום. |
| Yonatan: ħamesh saki’ot? Li ein od klum. |
| Sherah: Now, let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| יונתן: בואי איתי, אנה! אני רוצה להראות לך את החנות הזאת. |
| Yonatan: Bo’i iti, Anna! Ani rotzeh lir’ot et ha-ħanut ha-zot. |
| Yonatan: Come with me, Anna! I want to see this store. |
| אנה: יונתן! אני לא יכולה לבוא איתך. |
| Anna: Yonatan! Ani lo yekholah la-vo it’kha. |
| Anna: Yonatan! I can't come with you. |
| יונתן: למה? |
| Yonatan: Lamah? |
| Yonatan: Why? |
| אנה: כי אין לי כסף! חוץ מזה אין להם דברים יפים. |
| Anna: Ki ein li kesef! Ħutz mi zeh, ein la-hem d’varim yafim. |
| Anna: Because I don't have any money! Besides, it doesn't have nice things. |
| יונתן: אין לך כסף? כמה קנית? |
| Yonatan: Ein lakh kesef? Kamah kanit? |
| Yonatan: You don't have any money? How much did you buy? |
| אנה: יש לי פה חמש שקיות של דברים. |
| Anna: Yesh li po ħamesh saki’ot shel d’varim. |
| Anna: I have five bags of things here. |
| יונתן: חמש שקיות? לי אין עוד כלום. |
| Yonatan: ħamesh saki’ot? Li ein od klum. |
| Yonatan: Five bags? I don't have anything yet. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: Since we talked about the Old City in the last episode, I thought we could talk about shopping in the Old City. |
| Amir: Now that is a cultural experience. |
| Sherah: If you want to shop in the Old City, you need to employ your haggling skills. |
| Amir: Some people love this and others not so much. |
| Sherah: Right, you should just always assume that the shop keeper isn’t expecting to sell his souvenir at the first price he tells you. |
| Amir: No, it’s all part of the game. You should know what you want to pay for something and barter accordingly. |
| Sherah: If you can’t get the price you want, don’t be afraid to walk out. |
| Amir: He may even follow you out of the shop to haggle some more. |
| Sherah: That does happen quite a lot, actually. |
| Amir: They will also come out to try to bring you into their shops when you are walking by. |
| Sherah: It’s just the way business is done in the Old City. Ok, let’s move on to the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Sherah: The first word we shall see is... |
| Amir: יכול [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: can, to be able to |
| Amir: יכול [slowly - broken down by syllable] יכול [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: לקנות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to buy |
| Amir: לקנות [slowly - broken down by syllable] לקנות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: דבר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: thing |
| Amir: דבר [slowly - broken down by syllable] דבר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: חנות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: shop |
| Amir: חנות [slowly - broken down by syllable] חנות [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: אין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: there is not |
| Amir: אין [slowly - broken down by syllable] אין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: כסף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: money |
| Amir: כסף [slowly - broken down by syllable] כסף [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: כמה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: how much or how many |
| Amir: כמה [slowly - broken down by syllable] כמה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: שקית [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: bag |
| Amir: שקית [slowly - broken down by syllable] שקית [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: חוץ מזה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: apart from that |
| Amir: חוץ מזה [slowly - broken down by syllable] חוץ מזה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: And last... |
| Amir: כלום [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: nothing |
| Amir: כלום [slowly - broken down by syllable] כלום [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is חוץ מזה which means “apart from that”. |
| Amir: When you break this phrase down, you have חוץ meaning “outside” -מ meaning “from” and זה which means “it” or “this”. |
| Sherah: This expression will typically separate two sentences or ideas. |
| Amir: Right, you could say something like מחר אין לי זמן וחוץ מזה זה היומולדת של הבת שלי |
| Sherah: That means “I don’t have time tomorrow and apart from that it’s my daughter’s birthday.” |
| Amir: The next word is שקית which is a “small bag”. |
| Sherah: This comes from the same root as the English word “sack”. |
| Amir: It’s an ancient word that originated somewhere in the Middle East. |
| Sherah: The ית- on the end of שק means that it’s small, so שקית is a small sack. The last word that we want to talk about is כלום. |
| Amir: כלום is “nothing” in Hebrew. We use it in a few common expressions like הכל או לא כלום “all or nothing.” |
| Sherah: Or כמו כלום which means “easily”. |
| Amir: In the dialogue, we see this word when Yonatan says לי אין עוד כלום. “I don’t have anything yet.” |
| Sherah: Right, and here is a great example of how in Hebrew double negatives are not a problem. The literal translation of לי אין עוד כלום is “to me there isn’t more nothing” or “I don’t have nothing”. |
| Amir: Yes, we do use double negatives like this sometimes. |
| Sherah: Right, you will hear the phrase אין לי כלום often and that means “I don’t have nothing”. It really sounds funny when you translate it straight into English. Okay, let’s move on to the Grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah: In this lesson you will learn how to say that you don’t have something. |
| Amir: Our sample sentence is אין לי כסף which is “I don’t have money.” |
| Sherah: Saying that you don’t have something is similar to the way that you say that you do have something. |
| Amir: When you say that you have something you say יש לי or “there is to me”. |
| Sherah: When you want to say that you don’t have something, you say “there isn’t to me” or אין לי. |
| Amir: And just like יש you don’t have to worry about conjugation. אין works for all genders and numbers. It doesn’t change at all. |
| Sherah: Yes, in the dialogue Anna says אין לי כסף or “I don’t have money.” If you wanted to say that Anna doesn’t have money you would change the לי or “to me” to לה or “to her”. |
| Amir: Then it would be אין לה כסף and if you want to use her name אין לאנה כסף. |
| Sherah: Yonatan asked in disbelief after Anna said she that didn’t have money, אין לך כסף “I don’t have money.” |
| Amir: So the only thing that changes is the ending on -ל and that tells you who is being referred to. |
| Sherah: There is another sentence with אין in the dialogue, and that is where Anna says אין להם דברים יפים “They don’t have nice things.” |
| Amir: Anna could have said that without a pronoun as well, and it would have been more of a general sentence. She could have said אין דברים יפים בחנות “There aren’t nice things in the shop.” |
| Sherah: Right, אין can be used as a general statement about what there isn’t or a statement of lack of possession. Let’s hear some examples. |
| Amir: Shira will give you the translation, then I will give you the Hebrew and then pause so you can repeat after me. |
| Sherah: Okay, here’s a good one. I don’t have friends! |
| אין לי חברים |
| [pause] |
| Sherah: You don’t have a chance. |
| Amir: אֵין לָךְ סִכּוּי |
| [pause] |
| Sherah: We don’t have cats. |
| Amir: אין לנו חתולים |
| [pause] |
| Sherah: There isn’t bread in the supermarket during Passover. |
| Amir: אין לחם בסופר בפסח. |
| [pause] |
| Sherah: That’s for sure, there really isn’t any bread in the supermarkets during passover... It’s all been taken away. |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah: Well, that’s it for this lesson. |
| Amir: Now that you’ve listened to this lesson, please visit HebrewPod101.com and tell us what you don’t have. |
| Sherah: Make sure to check the lesson notes, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Amir: Thanks everyone, |
| Sherah: Bye! |
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