Learn how to use Hebrew passive verbs in Nif'al
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah: Hello and welcome back to hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Series Season 1, Lesson 22 - Apartment Hunting in Israel. I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir: And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you will learn about the verb group nif’al. |
| Amir: The conversation takes place in the kibbutz in the evening. |
| Sherah: It’s between Anna and Ofir. |
| Amir: The speakers are friends so they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| אנה: אופיר, אתה יכול לעזור לי למצוא דירה? |
| Anna: Ofir, Atah yakhol la-azor li lim’tzo dirah? |
| אופיר: כן, כמובן. |
| Ofir: Ken, ca-muvan. |
| אנה: איך אומרים בד-רום בעברית |
| Anna: Ei’kh om’rim “bedroom” be-ivrit? |
| אופיר: בד-רום נקרא חדר שינה. |
| Ofir: Bedroom nikra ħadar sheinah. |
| אנה: (מחפשת במודעות לדירות) אני לא מבינה. לכל הדירות יש שני חדרים... אז יש להם שני חדרי שינה?. |
| Anna: (meħapeset ba-moda’ot le-dirot) Ani lo mevinah. Le-kol ha-dirot yesh shne ħadarim... az yesh lahem shne’i ħad’re’i sheinah |
| אופיר: לא. פה בארץ, הסלון גם נחשב לחדר אחד. אז יש להם חדר שינה אחד וסלון.. |
| Ofir: Lo, Po ba-aretz, ha-salon gam neħ’shav le-ħeder eħad. Az yesh la-hem ħeder sheinah eħad ve-salon. |
| אנה: עכשיו הבנתי. תודה. |
| Anna: Akh’shav hevan’ti. Todah. |
| אופיר: הנה, הדירה הזאת נראית יפה. |
| Ofir: Hineh, ha-dirah ha-zot nir’et yafah. |
| אנה: נכון! אני כבר מתקשרת! Anna: Nakhon! Ani k’var mit’kasheret. |
| Sherah: Let’s listen to the conversation one more time, slowly. |
| אנה: אופיר, אתה יכול לעזור לי למצוא דירה? |
| Anna: Ofir, Atah yakhol la-azor li lim’tzo dirah? |
| אופיר: כן, כמובן. |
| Ofir: Ken, ca-muvan. |
| אנה: איך אומרים בד-רום בעברית |
| Anna: Ei’kh om’rim “bedroom” be-ivrit? |
| אופיר: בד-רום נקרא חדר שינה. |
| Ofir: Bedroom nikra ħadar sheinah. |
| אנה: (מחפשת במודעות לדירות) אני לא מבינה. לכל הדירות יש שני חדרים... אז יש להם שני חדרי שינה?. |
| Anna: (meħapeset ba-moda’ot le-dirot) Ani lo mevinah. Le-kol ha-dirot yesh shne ħadarim... az yesh lahem shne’i ħad’re’i sheinah |
| אופיר: לא. פה בארץ, הסלון גם נחשב לחדר אחד. אז יש להם חדר שינה אחד וסלון.. |
| Ofir: Lo, Po ba-aretz, ha-salon gam neħ’shav le-ħeder eħad. Az yesh la-hem ħeder sheinah eħad ve-salon. |
| אנה: עכשיו הבנתי. תודה. |
| Anna: Akh’shav hevan’ti. Todah. |
| אופיר: הנה, הדירה הזאת נראית יפה. |
| Ofir: Hineh, ha-dirah ha-zot nir’et yafah. |
| אנה: נכון! אני כבר מתקשרת! Anna: Nakhon! Ani k’var mit’kasheret. |
| Sherah: Now, let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| אנה: אופיר, אתה יכול לעזור לי למצוא דירה? |
| Anna: Ofir, Atah yakhol la-azor li lim’tzo dirah? |
| Anna: Ofir, can you help me find an apartment? |
| אופיר: כן, כמובן. |
| Ofir: Ken, ca-muvan. |
| Ofir: Yes, of course. |
| אנה: איך אומרים בד-רום בעברית |
| Anna: Ei’kh om’rim “bedroom” be-ivrit? |
| Anna: How do you say bedroom in Hebrew? |
| אופיר: בד-רום נקרא חדר שינה. |
| Ofir: Bedroom nikra ħadar sheinah. |
| Ofir: Bedroom is called ħadar sheinah. |
| אנה: (מחפשת במודעות לדירות) אני לא מבינה. לכל הדירות יש שני חדרים... אז יש להם שני חדרי שינה?. |
| Anna: (meħapeset ba-moda’ot le-dirot) Ani lo mevinah. Le-kol ha-dirot yesh shne ħadarim... az yesh lahem shne’i ħad’re’i sheinah |
| Anna: (looking at ads for apartments) I don't understand. All the apartments have two rooms... does that mean two bedrooms? |
| אופיר: לא. פה בארץ, הסלון גם נחשב לחדר אחד. אז יש להם חדר שינה אחד וסלון.. |
| Ofir: Lo, Po ba-aretz, ha-salon gam neħ’shav le-ħeder eħad. Az yesh la-hem ħeder sheinah eħad ve-salon. |
| Ofir: No. Here in Israel, the living room is considered one room. So they have one bedroom and a living room. |
| אנה: עכשיו הבנתי. תודה. |
| Anna: Akh’shav hevan’ti. Todah. |
| Anna: Now I understand. Thanks. |
| אופיר: הנה, הדירה הזאת נראית יפה. |
| Ofir: Hineh, ha-dirah ha-zot nir’et yafah. |
| Ofir: Here, this apartment looks good. |
| אנה: נכון! אני כבר מתקשרת! Anna: Nakhon! Ani k’var mit’kasheret. |
| Anna: You're right! I'm already calling. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: Okay Amir, let’s talk apartments! Many young people rent apartments, especially in the bigger cities. |
| Amir: The number of rooms an apartment here is counted by adding the bedrooms and the living room together. |
| Sherah: So, a three room apartment is a two-bedroom apartment. |
| Amir: Apartments are listed in both dollars and shekels. |
| Sherah: If the price is in dollars, you have to agree with the landlord on what the conversion rate will be and how often that will change. |
| Amir: When you rent, most landlords want a 2-month deposit when you move in. |
| Sherah: The period of rental is usually negotiated between you and should be written into the contract. |
| Amir: On top of the rental price, you will pay a fee for general upkeep of the grounds and stairwell of the apartment. |
| Sherah: Yes, and you will also pay municipal taxes, which are called ‘arnona’. Let’s move on to the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sherah: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Sherah: The first word we shall see is... |
| Amir: חדר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: room |
| Amir: חדר [slowly - broken down by syllable] חדר [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: לעזור [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to help |
| Amir: לעזור [slowly - broken down by syllable] לעזור [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: רק [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: only |
| Amir: רק [slowly - broken down by syllable] רק [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: להיחשב [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to be considered |
| Amir: להיחשב [slowly - broken down by syllable] להיחשב [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: כמובן [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: of course |
| Amir: כמובן [slowly - broken down by syllable] כמובן [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: להבין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: to understand |
| Amir: להבין [slowly - broken down by syllable] להבין [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: דירה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: apartment |
| Amir: דירה [slowly - broken down by syllable] דירה [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: Next |
| Amir: סלון [natural native speed] |
| Sherah: living room |
| Amir: סלון [slowly - broken down by syllable] סלון [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Amir: The first word that we want to talk about is דירה. A דירה is an apartment or a flat. |
| Sherah: Here are two very different types of apartments, the first one is דירת גג or “penthouse.” |
| Amir: The second one is דירת חדר and that is a “studio apartment.” |
| Sherah: Both of those are smichuts, and that is why דירה changes to דירת. |
| Amir: The second word that we want to talk about is כמובן or “certainly.” |
| Sherah: This can also mean “of course”. It can be broken down into two parts. |
| Amir: Right, the first is -כ meaning “as” and the second part is מובן or “understood.” |
| Sherah: “As understood”... of course. |
| Amir: There is another expression that uses the word מובן and that is מובן מאליו. |
| Sherah: This is also translated as “of course”. |
| Amir: Translated word-for-word it would be “understood above that”. |
| Sherah: “Self-evident” would be a good translation of it too. Okay, let’s move on to the Grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about the verb group נפעל. |
| Amir: נפעל is one of three verb groups that expresses the passive voice. |
| Sherah: Nif’al verbs are not just passive though, they can also be active or have a reciprocal meaning, so they are quite diverse. |
| Amir: You will recognize nif’al verbs by the נ that comes before the root letters in the past and present tenses. |
| Sherah: Nif’al is related to pa’al as the passive forms of pa’al verbs are expressed in nif’al. |
| Amir: For instance, the verb לחשוב is from the pa’al verb group. It means “to think” or “to consider”. |
| Sherah: The nif’al equivalent of לחשוב is להיחשב and it means “to be considered” or “to be thought of”. |
| Amir: So as you can see, these two verbs are directly related, but one is active and the other passive. |
| Sherah: Right, they both have the same root letters, so they both share the same root meaning. Let’s go over the four present tense conjugations, starting with masculine singular. |
| Amir: נחשב |
| Sherah: If you see the vowels for this word, you will read neħ’shav, but most Israelis will say niħ’shav. Moving on to the feminine singular - |
| Amir: נחשבת |
| Sherah: Masculine plural |
| Amir: נחשבים |
| Sherah: feminine plural. |
| Amir: נחשבות. |
| Sherah: The sentence that has this word in it from the dialogue was - “Here in Israel, the living room is considered one room.” |
| Amir: The Hebrew for that sentence is - פה בארץ, הסלון גם נחשב לחדר |
| Sherah: Later on in the dialogue, Ofir uses another nif’al verb להיקרא or “to be called”. |
| Amir: He says - "בד-רום" נקרא חדר שינה |
| Sherah: “Bedroom” is called ħadar shenah. Right, here are the four present tense forms of להיקרא |
| Amir: נקרא, נקראת, נקראים נקראות- |
| Sherah: As always in the present tense, the same endings are used here. Let’s move on to a few example sentences. Amir will give the Hebrew and I will give the English - |
| Amir: האוטו שלי נקרא יוסי.. |
| Sherah: My car is called Yossi. |
| Amir: הגבינה נשמרת במקרר.. |
| Sherah: The cheese is kept in the refrigerator. |
| Amir: החתולות נזהרות בגלל הכלב.. |
| Sherah: “The cats (fem.) are being careful because of the dog.” |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah: Well, that’s it for this lesson. |
| Amir: Make sure you check the lesson notes, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Amir: Thanks everyone, |
| Sherah: Bye! |
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