Learn how to use nouns derived from verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to Hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 14 - Did You See That Invitation to the Israeli Bris? I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you'll learn about nouns derived from verbs. |
| Amir:The conversation takes place at the Levi family house in the evening. |
| Sherah:It’s between Gadi and Ma’ayan. |
| Amir:The speakers are family, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah:So, Gadi and Ma’ayan are going to a Brit Milah. If you live in Israel for long enough, you'll get invited to one. |
| Amir:Brit Milah is what it’s called in Israel, in America and other places it’s often called a bris. |
| Sherah:It’s basically the ceremony of the circumcision of a baby. |
| Amir: The family will invite family and friends to come to their synagogue or to their home to celebrate.: |
| Sherah:There is a formal ceremony with prayers, blessings, and the ceremonial cutting of the foreskin. |
| Amir:The ceremony is performed by a Mohel. He’s a man who's been specially trained to perform this ceremony. |
| Sherah:Right, sometimes he is also a rabbi or even a doctor. |
| Amir:So, the couple invites friends and family to come for the ceremony and then have a celebratory meal afterward.: |
| Sherah:Many times people bring food with them or certain members of the family will make the food. Sometimes the event is catered. |
| Amir:If you're bringing food, you should see if the meal is meat or dairy before bringing food. |
| Sherah:Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is ברית |
| Amir:Brit means “a covenant, an alliance or a treaty”.: |
| Sherah:This word is used for the circumcision ceremony, which is called a brit milah in Hebrew. |
| Amir:This basically means “covenant of circumcision”. |
| Sherah:There are two countries that use this word brit in their titles. One doesn’t exist anymore, and that is the USSR or ברית המועצות, and the other is the US, which is ארצות הברית. |
| Amir:Brit is also used in the Christian Bible as the title for the New Testament, and that is הברית החדשה. |
| Sherah:The next word we want to talk about is ביקור meaning “visit” or “call”. |
| Amir:This word is taken from the verb לבקר or “to visit”. |
| Sherah:There are a few different phrases that use this word in them such as ביקור בית or a “home visit”.: |
| Amir:Right, there is also ביקור חולים, and that means “visiting the sick”. |
| Sherah:And then you have something our prime minister does a lot, and that is ביקור ממלכתי or a “state visit”. |
| Amir:The last phrase that uses ביקור is ביקור נימוסין or a “courtesy call”. |
| Sherah:Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah:In this lesson you’ll learn about nouns that are derived from verbs. |
| Amir:Our first sample sentence from the dialogue is גדי, ראית את ההזמנה לברית של הבן של יעל ויוסף |
| Sherah:The word that we want to focus on here is הזמנה. |
| Amir:הזמנה is an invitation and it's derived from the verb להזמין. |
| Sherah:Many verbs have default verbal nouns that are derived from them. |
| Amir:These nouns follow the same pattern according to the verb pattern that the verb is in. |
| Sherah:Not every verb group has verbal nouns. Pu’al and huf’al don't, the other five do. So there are five different patterns of verbal nouns. |
| Amir:The noun from our sample sentence, הזמנה follows the pattern for nouns derived from verbs in the hif’il verb group. : |
| Sherah:These nouns can be like a normal noun, like we used הזמנה, which is a paper invitation where there is no action referred to. |
| Amir:Or they can be a verbal noun which describes an action. In this case, it would be the act of inviting someone, an "invitation". |
| Sherah:So, that’s one noun derived from a verb. Later on we see another noun derived from a verb in the pa’al verb group. |
| Amir:The next sample sentence from the dialogue is זאת שאלה טיפשית אם כי לנו כבר את הזמנה |
| Sherah:The word we're focussing on here is שאלה, and it's one of two verbal nouns derived from the verb לשאול. |
| Amir:Right, the typical pattern would be שאילה, and this means “borrowing”. |
| Sherah:So, שאלה is also a verbal noun derived from the same verb, but not with the typical pattern. |
| Amir:Our next example comes from the verb לבקר, and the sample sentence is היה לי ביקור אצלם לפני יומיים, זה לא ילך |
| Sherah:ביקור is the verbal noun here, and as Amir said, it's derived from the verb לבקר or “to visit”. |
| Amir:The last verbal noun from the dialogue is חיוך, and it's seen in the sentence גדי, מה זה החיוך הזה |
| Sherah:It's also from the verb group pi’el, and it comes from the verb לחייך or “to smile” |
| Amir:So, the verb groups that we didn’t have examples for in the dialogue are hit’pa’el and nif’al. Verbal nouns derived from the verb group nif’al are not as common as the others. : |
| Sherah:Let’s go through all 5 verb groups and give you a verb and a verbal noun from each group, so you can hear the individual patterns for each group. Amir will give the Hebrew and I will give the translation. |
| Amir:The first group is pa’al. The example verb is לנסוע, and the verbal noun is נסיעה. |
| Sherah:That’s one that is used often; it means “to travel” and “trip”. |
| Amir:A sample sentence for נסיעה is הנסיעה מתל אביב לוקחת חצי שעה |
| Sherah:"The trip from Tel Aviv takes half an hour." |
| Amir:The next verb group is pi’el. The example verb is לשפר, and the verbal noun is שיפור. |
| Sherah:"To improve" and "improvement." |
| Amir:השיפור במטבח מדהים |
| Sherah:"The improvement in the kitchen is amazing." |
| Amir:The next group is hif’il. The verb is להמליץ, and the verbal noun is המלצה. |
| Sherah:"To recommend" and "recommendation". |
| Amir:יש לך המלצה למסעדה. |
| Sherah:"Do you have a recommendation for a restaurant?" |
| Amir:Next is hit’pa’el. The verb is להתנהג, and the verbal noun is התנהגות. |
| Sherah:"To behave" and "behavior." |
| Amir:ההתנהגות שלו לא מתאימה למקום הזה |
| Sherah:"His behavior is not appropriate for this place." |
| Amir:The last group is nif’al. The verb is להישרד, and the verbal noun is הישרדות |
| Sherah:"To survive" and "survival." הישרדות is even the name of the Israeli version of Survivor. |
| Amir:החיים הם קרב של הישרדות |
| Sherah:"Life is a battle of survival." |
Outro |
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| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Come see us at HebrewPod101.com and talk to us about what you’ve learned here. |
| Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone, |
| Sherah:Bye! |
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