Learn how to say "but only"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to Hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 25 - Can We Find an Israeli Restaurant We Both Like? I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this final lesson of the series, you'll learn how to say “but only” in Hebrew. |
| Amir:The conversation takes place at the Levi family home. |
| Sherah:It’s between Gadi and Ma’ayan. |
| Amir:The speakers are family, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah:Being a vegetarian in Israel is not difficult at all. |
| Amir:Right, most restaurants are kosher and that means that they're either meat restaurants or dairy restaurants. |
| Sherah:Dairy restaurants will be the safest bet for a vegetarian, but meat restaurants may also have some vegetarian meals to choose from. |
| Amir:Another thing that’s good for vegetarians is that salads are a very popular food item on menus in Israel. |
| Sherah:Well, vegetable meals in general are very common. We have great-tasting vegetables. |
| Amir:And fresh too! A lot of the produce in Israel is local produce. |
| Sherah:If you want to look for vegetarian fast food, you'll find falafel stands everywhere in pretty much every town in Israel. |
| Amir:But you can also eat burekas, those are also vegetarian. |
| Sherah:True, these are pastries filled with cheeses and vegetables. |
| Amir:You can find them in bakeries and supermarkets all over the country. |
| Sherah:Yum, Israel really is a good place to be a vegetarian. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is איפשהו. |
| Amir:איפשהו is the Hebrew word for “somewhere”. |
| Sherah:This word is a combination of איפה, meaning “where”, -ש meaning “that,” and הוא meaning “him”. |
| Amir:For example, when someone asks איפה דן? or “where is Dan?” and you don’t know where he is, you can respond with איפשהו . |
| Sherah:The ה- (heh) from איפה (eifo) has been dropped, and the ‘א (aleph) for הוא (hu) has been dropped in the actual spelling of the word. |
| Amir:The next word we want to talk about is לאן. |
| Sherah:Le’an is a special Hebrew interrogative word for “to where”. |
| Amir:You use it when you want to ask someone “to where are they going?” which is לאן אתה הולך? |
| Sherah:Or “to where someone is traveling?” which is לאן אתה נוסע? |
| Amir:The last word we want to talk about is מנה, which is a “portion” or a “dish”. |
| Sherah:There are several phrases that use this expression, such as מנה אחרונה, which is “the last dish”. |
| Amir:This means “dessert” in Hebrew |
| Sherah:Another phrase that uses this word is מנות קרב, which means "field rations." Technically, the literal translation is “fighting portions”. |
| Amir:An "emergency ration" is מנת חירום. |
| Sherah:And "overdose" is מנת יתר. And with that, let’s move on to the grammar section. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you’ll learn how to say “but only” in Hebrew. |
| Amir:We use this when there are two nouns or two verbs in the same sentence in opposition. |
| Sherah:Like in the sample sentence in the dialogue, where Gadi says that the restaurant doesn’t have vegetarian meals, but it does have meat dishes. |
| Amir:He says, אין להם מנות צמחוניות, אלא בשריות "They don’t have vegetarian meals, but only meat dishes." |
| Sherah:Sentences in this structure have two parts. The first part has a negation word like לא, אין or אל. |
| Amir:The second part of the sentence has the part that’s in opposition to the first, and these two parts are separated by the word אלא. . |
| Sherah:If these two parts were two sentences standing on their own, one would be a negative sentence, and the other would be positive. |
| Amir:For example, the two sentence we could take from the sample sentence are, אין להם מנות צמחוניות or "They don’t have vegetarian dishes." |
| Sherah:And יש להם מנות בשריות or "They have meat dishes." |
| Amir:Further on in the dialogue, we have a sentence that's the opposite of the first, אין להם מנות בשריות, אלא צמחוניות. |
| Sherah:Right, they're having a hard time finding a restaurant where they both have something to eat. In this one, they don’t have meat meals, but only vegetarian meals. |
| Amir:This is a normal conversation to have in Israel since meat and dairy are often not served in the same restaurant. |
| Sherah:At the end of the dialogue, Ma’ayan and Gadi are talking about where a specific restaurant is. Gadi thinks the restaurant is on a certain street, but Ma’ayan sets him straight. |
| Amir:She says זה כבר לא שם , אלא ברחוב העצמאות. |
| Sherah:"It's not there anymore, but rather on Atzma'ut street." Let’s break this down into two different sentences. |
| Amir:The first would be המסעדה כבר לא שם or “The restaurant is not there anymore”. |
| Sherah:The second is המסעדה ברחוב העצמאות. or “The restaurant is on Atzma’ut street”. So let’s look at two more examples of this with the separate sentences and then the combined sentence. |
| Amir:The first sentence is, אבן לא לומד באוניברסיטת בר אילן or "Evan doesn’t study in Bar Ilan University." |
| Sherah:The second sentence is, אבן לומד באוניברסיטת תל אביב. or "Evan studies at Tel Aviv University." |
| Amir:These sentences combined using אלא become אבן לא לומד באוניברסיטת בר אילן, אלא באוניברסיטת תל אביב. |
| Sherah:In English, this is “Evan doesn’t study at Bar Ilan University, but rather Tel Aviv University”. |
| Amir:For our next example, the first sentence is אין לי מיץ or "I don’t have juice." |
| Sherah:And the second sentence is יש לי מים or “I have water”. |
| Amir:Combined, these two sentences make אין לי מיץ, אלא מים. |
| Sherah:"I don’t have juice, but rather water." |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson, and this series. We hope you enjoyed it, and found it useful. Remember to check the lesson notes, and come see us at HebrewPod101.com and talk to us about what you’ve learned here. |
| Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone, |
| Sherah:We’ll see you in another series. Bye! |
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