Learn how to use concessive clauses
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 3 - Who Wants to Cook Lunch Today in Israel? I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use connectors like “despite”, “although” and “even though” in Hebrew |
| Amir:The conversation takes place at the Levy family house in the afternoon. |
| Sherah:It’s between Li’el and Dan. |
| Amir:The speakers are brother and sister, so they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah: In Israel, school generally runs until around 1:00 PM. |
| Amir:Yes we don't have school lunch or anything like that. |
| Sherah: Right, Children usually go home to eat lunch. |
| Amir:That’s right. They either come home to their parents or their nanny, or maybe they just come home and fix their own lunch. |
| Sherah:Some schools have after school programs for children who can’t go home after school because both parents work. |
| Amir:But these aren’t very common – usually kids go home and eat lunch there. |
| Sherah: In the afternoon, children will also do their homework. |
| Amir:And later they might go play with their friends outside, or maybe watch TV. |
| Sherah:Or they can go to after school activities like music or sports. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase we want to talk about is טור. |
| Amir:טור means “row” or “column” in Hebrew. |
| Sherah:It has also come to mean “turn” or “next in line” as it did in the dialog. |
| Amir:The next word we want to talk about is כוח. In Hebrew, כוח means “power” or “strength”. |
| Sherah:כוח is an example of a word that adds an extra “ah” vowel before the ħet at the end of the word. |
| Amir:כוח is used in many expressions such as כוח סוס for horsepower and כוח אדם meaning “workforce..” |
| Sherah:It’s also used as a reference term for different types of military forces like כוחות הביטחון which is “security forces”. |
| Amir:Right, and regular soldiers are called כוחות הסדירים. |
| Sherah:כוח is a masculine noun but it's irregular because its plural ending is the same as feminine nouns. The plural is כוחות as you may have heard from the previous examples. |
| Amir:If there is an adjective with this word, it will be masculine, like כוחות נדירים or “rare powers” |
| Sherah:The last word we want to talk about it בריא which is an adjective meaning “healthy”. |
| Amir:It has a few different forms |
| Sherah: Can you give us a few? |
| Amir:Sure! Here goes - בריא, בריאה, בריאים and בריאות |
| Sherah: בריא is used to talk about healthy things like “healthy food” אוכל בריא or a “healthy life” חיים בריאים. |
| Amir:It appears in the slang phrase תהיה לי בריא, which basically means “I don't like it” but the direct translation is actually “that you would be healthy for me”. |
| Sherah:That’s a good phrase to know. Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah: In this lesson, you’ll learn about concessive clauses. |
| Amir:One important word we need for a concessive clause is למרות which means “despite” in Hebrew. |
| Sherah: In the dialogue, Dan uses this when he's talking about his mother in the example sentence למרות הגשם היא הלכה לטיול. |
| Amir:He says “despite the rain she went on a trip.” |
| Sherah: This sentence has two parts to it - one part gives the information that she went on a trip and the other part adds information that's contrary to the expectations from the previous clause. |
| Amir:Right, you would think that because it’s raining she wouldn't go on a trip. This is why Dan says “despite the rain”. And in Hebrew this is למרות הגשם.The conjunction למרות highlights the fact that the action is contrary to what would be expected. |
| Sherah: In the next line, Li’el uses the conjunction אף על פי ש which means “even though” or “although”. |
| Amir:Right, she says, לא, אתה יכול לבשל, אף על פי שזה התור שלי |
| Sherah: In English, that means “No, you can cook, even though it's my turn.” Later in the dialog the Li’el uses the word lamrot again |
| Amir:למרות זאת, אנחנו צריכים לבשל משהו יותר בריא מזה |
| Sherah: She says “despite that we need to cook something healthier than that” |
| Amir:She begins the sentence with lamrot zot or “despite that”, and she's referring to the sentence beforehand where Dan says he only likes pizza and falafel. |
| Sherah: This is another way to link two ideas when referring to something somebody else said. |
| Amir:And the use of למרות is much more common in Israel than אף על פי ש. |
| Sherah: Yes it is, and there are other possibilities for concessive conjunctions that are mostly used in the literature. |
| Amir:Right, those are על אף ש, אף כי and אף ש |
| Sherah: I don’t think I’ve ever heard anyone say any of those outside of my Hebrew class! So, let’s focus on the phrases that you do hear. Let’s hear some more examples: |
| Amir:Great, how about? הוא אכל ברוקולי למרות שהוא אמר שהוא לא אוהב ברוכולי. |
| Sherah: In English that’s: “He ate broccoli even though he said that he doesn’t like broccoli.” |
| Amir:And the next example is: הם הזמינו אותנו לבוא אף על פי שאין להם מקום בבית |
| Sherah: They invited us to come although they don’t have place in their home. |
| Amir:You will notice from these examples that when you're joining two full clauses, the prefix ש... or “that” is used to connect the two. |
Outro |
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| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Come see us at HebrewPod101.com and tell us what you’ve learned here. We’re waiting for your comments! |
| Amir:Thanks for joining us, everyone, |
| Sherah:Bye! |
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