Learn how to use the preposition et with personal pronouns
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate Season 1, Lesson 4 - Let me sleep in peace in Israel. I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the preposition את combined with personal pronoun endings. |
| Amir:The conversation takes place at the Levy family house in the evening. |
| Sherah:It’s between Ma’ayan and her son Dan. |
| Amir:The speakers are mother and son, so they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah:There are many ways Israelis make friends in Israel. |
| Herman: And of course, the first place where we make friends is at school. |
| Sherah:You may keep a few school friends but the bulk of your friends will come from your older years. |
| Herman: I think the most important place where Israelis make friends is in the army. |
| Sherah:Yah, the army seems to be a place where a lot of Israelis grow up and change - it seems you really bond with the people you are with during these challenging and changing times. |
| Herman: Yes, I think that’s true. I made a lot of friends in the army. |
| Sherah:It also seems like Israelis hold onto their army friends for the rest of their lives. |
| Herman: Another place I made friends was at the university. |
| Sherah:This is definitely a good place to make friends, but Israelis are also open to making friends in their communities and neighborhoods. |
| Herman: In Israel, neighbors are often friendly with each other and will share meals or have cake and coffee together. |
| Sherah:And finally, another important place to make friends is in your religious community. |
| Herman: Because there are a lot of different religious communities in Israel, people tend to make friendships and relationships within those communities. |
| Sherah:But they don't really limit their friendships to those communities. They make friends from all walks of life. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is שקט. Sheket means “quiet” “silence” or even “peace”. |
| Herman: If you change the first vowel to “ah” it becomes shaket and it becomes an adjective. |
| Sherah:And as an adjective that has 4 forms: שקט, שקטה, שקטים and שקטות |
| Herman: The next word we want to talk about is רעש. This means “noise” and “commotion” in English. |
| Sherah:In Hebrew, רעשן is another word connected to the same root. A רעשן is a “rattle”. |
| Herman: The last word we want to talk about is דיבור. |
| Sherah:This means “talk”, “speech” or “talking”. |
| Herman: דיבור is a noun derived from the verb לדבר meaning “to talk”. |
| Sherah:And it can be used to describe the way someone talks, when they talk in an unusual accent or dialect. Then you would say: הדיבור שלו מוזר |
| Herman: It can also be used to talk about an urgent discussion that one needs to have. אני חייב לתפוס איתו דיבור. |
| Sherah:Right, that would be, “I need to have a discussion with him”. And speaking of time, let’s move onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you’ll learn about combining the preposition et with personal pronouns. |
| Amir:The sample sentence from our dialogue is בטח שאני אוהבת אותם |
| Sherah:This means, “of course I like them”. We want to focus on the word אותם. |
| Amir:In Hebrew, the word את follows many verbs that are followed by a direct object. |
| Sherah:Right, we don't have this word in English. |
| Amir:Yes, this is the challenge for English speakers when they are faced with Hebrew. |
| Sherah:You just have to remember to put it before a definite direct object. That means that if there's not another proposition after the verb and the object has a ha- before it, you need to put an את before the noun. |
| Amir:Here's an example of a sentence that uses את before a direct object. המורה קוראת את הספר |
| Sherah:Amir said “the teacher is reading the book”. See, in English we don't have anything there but in Hebrew there is את. |
| Amir:When the object is indefinite there's no את required in the sentence. Here's an example. המורה קוראת ספר |
| Sherah:“The teacher is reading a book.” In Hebrew there is no word for “a”, which we learned in previous lessons. |
| Amir:This rule of having an את before a direct object also applies when a personal pronoun follows a verb as a direct object. |
| Sherah:When a personal pronoun follows a verb that requires a direct object, it’s combined with את. |
| Amir:This is what we see in the sample sentence when Ma’ayan says: בטח שאני אוהבת אותם - “of course I like them”. |
| Sherah:In this case, לאהוב meaning “to love” or “to like” is the verb and it takes a direct object. |
| Amir:After the verb את is combined with ם-, the suffix for “them”. |
| Sherah:Here are all the possible forms of את combined with personal pronouns. First up is “me”. |
| Amir:אותי |
| Sherah:You, masculine אותך |
| Amir:you feminine אותך |
| Sherah:Him and then Her |
| Amir:אותו and אותה |
| Sherah:us |
| Amir:אותנו |
| Sherah:You plural, in the masculine and then in the feminine: |
| Amir:אותכם and אותכן |
| Sherah:Then in the masculine and then in the feminine: |
| Amir:אותם and then אותן |
| Sherah:And now for a few examples using את with personal pronoun endings. I’ll give you the English and Amir the Hebrew. First is “I see him”. |
| Amir:אני רואה אותו |
| Sherah:Next is “He hears you” |
| Amir:הוא שומע אותך. |
| Sherah:And last is “The teacher is teaching us history”. |
| Amir:המורה מלמדת אותנו היסטוריה. |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Drop by HebrewPod101.com and leave us a comment about what you’ve learned here. |
| Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone, |
| Sherah:Bye! |
| MARKETING PIECE |
| Sherah:Attention perfectionists! You’re about to learn how to perfect your pronunciation. |
| Amir:Lesson Review Audio Tracks. |
| Sherah:Increase fluency and vocabulary fast with these short, effective audio tracks. |
| Amir:Super simple to use. Listen to the Hebrew word or phrase... |
| Sherah:then repeat it out loud in a loud clear voice. |
| Amir:You’ll speak with confidence knowing that you’re speaking Hebrew like the locals. |
| Sherah:Go to HebrewPod101.com, and download the Review Audio Tracks right on the lessons page today! |
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