Learn how to use the verb group pu'al
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sherah:Hello and welcome back to Hebrewpod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, Season 1, Lesson 16 - A Visit To An Israeli Hospital. I’m your host, Sherah! |
| Amir:And I’m Amir. |
| Sherah:In this lesson, you'll learn about the passive verb group Pu’al. |
| Amir:The conversation takes place at the hospital. |
| Sherah:It’s between Ma’ayan and a doctor. |
| Amir:The speakers are strangers, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Sherah:Nobody wants to end up in the hospital, but if you do, Israel is not a bad place to be. |
| Amir:That’s true, we're known for our excellent hospitals.: |
| Sherah:We get a lot of foreigners coming to Israel because of this.: |
| Amir:Yes. We get foreigners who come because they want quality care that's affordable. |
| Sherah:We also get people who come from Syria for treatment because they don’t have a place to go in Syria anymore.: |
| Amir:Israel also offers medical treatment to some Palestinians because they can’t get some medical treatments in the Territories. : |
| Sherah:Right, one of programs we have is for heart surgeries for children who are in need of heart surgery and can’t get it there. |
| Amir:We have both public and private hospitals in Israel. : |
| Sherah:Most of the private hospitals are owned by one of the main health funds, Klalit.: |
| Amir:Others are owned by non-profits and charitable organizations. |
| Sherah:There are also government-owned hospitals and those are run by the Ministry of Health. Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Sherah:Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we want to talk about is שבור. |
| Amir:This word means “broken,” and it can sometimes even mean “heartbroken." |
| Sherah:Right, you can say שבור for “heartbroken,” but you can also add the word for “heart”, or לב, after it and say שבור לב. |
| Amir:שבור can refer to both people and objects. You can say עצם שבורה, and that is a "broken bone".: |
| Sherah:Or you can say כוס שבורה, which is a “broken glass”. |
| Amir:If you want to use it to say that someone is a "broken person," you can say that he is a בן אדם שבור. |
| Sherah:The next word we want to talk about is נפילה, and this means “fall”. |
| Amir:Right, it can also mean “collapse” or “downfall”. |
| Sherah:It shares a root with the verb ליפול, meaning “to fall”. |
| Amir:Some situations that you'd use it in, is when a building falls or even a nation collapses.: |
| Sherah:Speaking of which, they use this word a lot when they talk about the collapse of two very big nations, the Soviet Union and Rome.: |
| Amir:Yes, the "collapse of the Soviet Union" is נפילת ברית המועצות. |
| Sherah:The "fall of Rome" is נפילת רומא. |
| Amir:Another phrase that uses this word is מחלת הנפילה, which is “epilepsy” in English. : |
| Sherah:The literal translation would be “falling sickness”. |
| Amir:The last expression we want to talk about is החלמה מהירה. This is a blessing that you use when someone is sick. |
| Sherah:Right, it means “speedy recovery”. |
| Amir:The first word החלמה means "recovery." |
| Sherah:And the second word מהירה means “fast”. Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Sherah:In this lesson you’ll learn about the passive verb group Pu’al. |
| Amir:In Hebrew, each active group of verbs has a special relationship with one passive group of verbs. |
| Sherah:Right, the active group Pi’el has a special relationship with the passive verb group Pu’al. |
| Amir:This means that if a verb in the verb group Pi’el has a passive form, it will be found in the verb group Pu’al. |
| Sherah:Pu’al verbs only have a past, present, and future tense. They don’t have an imperative tense or an infinitive. |
| Amir:Just like the Pi’el, in Pu’al there is a stress on the second letter of the root. |
| Sherah:This means that when you have letters that have two sounds, only one of those sounds will be used. |
| Amir:The letters ב, כ and פ will only use the sounds “b”, “k,” and “p” when they're the middle letter of the root. : |
| Sherah:Pu’al verbs also have a ‘מ preceding the root in the present tense. The difference between Pi’el and Pu’al in the present tense is the ‘ו (vav) which makes a “u” sound between the first and second root letters. |
| Amir:This vav making the “u” vowel sound is seen in all tenses.: |
| Sherah:To look at Pu’al in the present tense, let’s take a look at our sample sentence. : |
| Amir:In the dialogue, the doctor says הוא מטופל על ידי האחות כרגע |
| Sherah:The doctor says that Dan is being treated by the nurse right now. |
| Amir:The verb used in this sentence is מטופל which can mean “being treated” or “being taken care of”. |
| Sherah:This is the masculine singular form of the verb in the present tense. |
| Amir:The feminine singular is מטופלת. |
| Sherah:The masculine plural is מטופלים, and the feminine plural is מטופלות.: |
| Amir:Another thing you'll notice in the sentence from the dialogue is the use of על ידי after the verb. |
| Sherah:על ידי means “by,” and it’s only used in the passive tense to indicate who did the action. |
| Amir:I think it would be a good idea to see this sentence go from active to passive to see how the different parts of the sentence change place, and how the verb changes. |
| Sherah:Okay, let’s start with the active. |
| Amir:The active of this sentence would be האחות מטופלת בו כרגעה |
| Sherah:"The nurse is treating him right now." It starts with the one doing the action, "the nurse" or האחות. |
| Amir:After the subject, we have the verb מטפלת. It agrees with the subject in the feminine singular. |
| Sherah:Then we have בו. In English, we would simply say “him” without any prepositions. In Hebrew, we use the preposition -ב meaning “on” or “in” after the verb לטפל. |
| Amir:Right, so we have בו meaning “on him”. |
| Sherah:The rest of the sentence is כרגע, meaning “right now”. Let’s take a look at the passive again. |
| Amir:The passive is הוא מטופל על ידי האחות כרגע. |
| Sherah:Dan is now the subject, so it starts out with הוא.: |
| Amir:הוא is followed by מטופל, which is the passive form of לטפל, and it's in the masculine singular because it agrees with the new subject. |
| Sherah:After the verb, we have the preposition we use in the passive, על ידי and then what was our subject in the active sentence, האחות or “the nurse”.: |
| Amir:Notice that the tense always stays the same when you move from active to passive. |
| Sherah:Yes, let’s look at sample sentences in the past and the future as they move from active to passive. Amir will give the Hebrew and I will give the English. We’ll start with the past tense. |
| Amir:Active, אבא שלי תיקן את האופניים שלי |
| Sherah:"My dad fixed my bike. " |
| Amir:...and now the passive. האופניים שלי תוקנו על ידי אבא שלי. |
| Sherah:"My bike was fixed by my dad." Let’s see some sentences in the future. |
| Amir:The active is... דן יסדר את החדר שלו. |
| Sherah:"Dan will straighten his room." |
| Amir:And the passive... החדר של דן יסודר על ידיו. |
| Sherah:"Dan’s room will be straightened by him." |
| Amir:As you can see in the last sentence, the preposition על ידי can take pronoun suffixes just like other prepositions. |
| Sherah:Right, in this lesson we also saw both על ידך and על ידי. |
Outro |
|---|
| Sherah:Ok, that’s all for this lesson. Come see us at HebrewPod101.com, and talk to us about what you’ve learned here. |
| Amir:Thanks for being with us, everyone, |
| Sherah:Bye! |
Comments
HideHave you ever visited an Israeli hospital?
Hi מתן,
Thank you for your comment!😄
ביקרתי את הבית חולים בלינסון בפתח תקוה כי היה לי בעיות על הכבד שלי. - I visited Belinson Hospital in Petakh Tik'vah because I had liver problems.
I hope that you're feeling better now!
Happy learning!
Yours,
Tal
Team Hebrewpod101.com
ביקרתי את הבית חולים בלינסון בפתח תקוה כי היה לי בעיות על הכבד שלי.
Dear Marty,
Thank you for commenting on this issue!
The errors that you referred to have been already fixed.
Thank you for helping us improve 😄👍👍❤️
Best,
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
I believe there are 2 errors in the written lesson.
1. In the example of the Pu'al past tense, it is written:
האופניים שלי מטוקנים על ידי אבא שלי. It is translated as "My bike was fixed by my dad ." Shouldn't it be טוקנו? That would match the spoken
version.
2. In the examples from the dialogue, the first written example is:
האחות מטופלת בו כרגעה. It is translated as "The nurse is treating him right now." Isn't that the active voice and should be Pi'el?
האחות מטפלת בו כרגעה.
Hi irving a smokler,
Thanks for commenting on this lesson!
It might be a little confusing, but In Hebrew, a "יד" refers to the whole limb from the shoulder to the palm. A hand in Hebrew is "כף-יד" (kaf yad), while an arm is "זרוע" (zro'a).
I hope that helps :)
Yours,
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
isn't יד hand, not arm?
It broke 'here' meaning 1- at the hospital 2- at this point in his arm---neither would be correct usage of here in this context?
Hi אנה,
Thanks for posting!
Excellent work on your exercise 👍
Note that even though "תסויים" makes grammatical sense, the word we use is "תסתיים" in the "hitpael" structure.
Another few notes:
'date' = "תאריך"
make sure to you 'mem sofit' where "מ" appears on the last position of a word - "תואם".
Best,
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
מזל שלא הייתי אף פעם בבית חולים בארץ. 😄
קצת מתרגמת עם קבוצת פועל.
אסיים את העבודה שלי מחר. העבודה שלי תסוים מחר.
היא תיאמה תריך עם חברה שלה. תריך עם חברה שלה תואמ על ידיה.
אישה מנגבת רהיטים מאבק. רהיטים מנוגבים מאבק על ידי אישה.
Hi קמילה,
Thank you so much for posting your phrases!
Really excellent work - you seem to really got the hang of it 👍👍👍😄😄😄
Keep up the great work,
Yours,
Roi
Team HebrewPod101.com
כן, הייתי שם פעם עם החבר שלי לתת דם. אבל אני לא זוכרת הרבה...
משפטים עם פועל:
1. ארוחת הערב שולמה על ידי הבמאי.
2. הארוחה הזו מבושלת על ידיי. זה מדוע היא ממש רעה.
3. הבניין הזה מעוצב על ידי אדריכל מפורסם. (i've just realized that mefursam also follows this pattern. nice)
4. הבור הגדול בדרך לא סומן בכלל.
5. אלה אנשים מכובדים.
6. בן דודי אומץ.
7. הנעליים שלי תוקנו על ידי סבא שלי.
Just to let you know that I think there are a few mistakes in the grammer section. For example the past tense piel-pual section in fact shows present pual- past pual.
Hi Olga Diaz,
Thanks for commenting!
Sure, I'm happy to help. :)
'huchlat' = הוחלט - is "was decided" (i.e - "that was decided" זה הוחלט )
decision is הַחְלָטָה as you wrote correctly.
Yours,
Roi
Team Hebrewpod101.com
I know this is not related to the lesson, but could you please explain to me the meaning of the word החלט (huchlat)? The dictionary says it means decision, but I believe that is הַחְלָטָה
Hi Jeannet Benschop,
Thanks for the corrections! Would you please specify exactly where they were made?
כדורים נגד כאבים and נגד כאבים are acceptable in this case, so this phrase is actually ok.
Yours,
Roi
Team Hebrewpod101.com
Vesamim lo geves al ze achav? --> achshav
Haachot rak notenet lo cadurim neged keev. --> sounds like 'neged hakeevim'
Vesamim lo geves al ze achav? --> achshav
Thank you, Roi Yes I knew that-the vowel changes under the "B" and then the "H" is not needed-silly error. חחחחח
Hi Hans,
Thanks for commenting!
In the sentence: “I would have been treated last night, but the electricity failed.” I'd translate:
הייתי אמור להיות מטופל אתמול בלילה, אך מערכת החשמל קרסה
(we don't really refer to "the electricity", rather to the "electricity system", it sounds more natural in Hebrew)
מטופל is correct however :)
About "מגובס" - you are correct, but it is a very common mistake, also done by native speakers, and in most situations will probably go un-noticed... I will forward it anyway.
About the "Sie" form - no, there's nothing like that in Hebrew, at least not in the modern every-day Hebrew, we use informal "you" for all.
Happy to help!
Yours,
Roi
Team Hebrewpod101.com
Hi Shelley,
Good work! Almost perfect.
Note the 'bahatul' is written בחתול when the ה is implied by the Ba already.
Yours,
Roi
Team Hebrewpod101.com
Question:
The speakers are strangers, and they’ll be using informal Hebrew, the introduction says.
The doctor is addressed as "you" 2e p.s. על ידך. Isn't there a form of address between strangers like there are in
Dutch not "jij" inf., but "U" formal, German "Du" and "Sie", French "tu" and "vous", Spanish "tu" and "Usted"? Or is it the Anglo/American way: just "you"?